Overview
Carbamylation is a process in which amines and thiols (sulfur-containing compounds) are modified by the addition of urea and/or carbamate. This reaction occurs naturally in cells and is important in biochemistry and medicine. Carbamylation is used to modify proteins and enzymes, such as hemoglobin and antibodies, and has been linked to autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. It is also used in medicines and other biological products such as vaccines, food enzymes, and diagnostics, as well as in industrial processes. Carbamylation allows for the stabilization of unstable molecules by enhancing their water solubility and increasing their stability. It is also used to extend the shelf-life of pharmaceuticals and other products, and it can help prevent denaturation and aggregation of proteins.