Among the reproductive cancers cervical cancer has special place, because the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. The studies suggested that the PI3K/mTOR/AKT signaling pathway is associated with certain reproductive tumors. A lot of research is ongoing for understanding this pathway evidence of its role in promoting tumorigenesis and recent progress in the development of therapeutic agents that targeted PI3K/AKT. In this a single-arm study included 34 Azerbaijan population woman with HPV-negative cervical tumors. The core genes of PAM signaling pathway were analyzed using RT-PCR method. Our preliminary results suggested that tumorgenesis of HPV-negative cervical cancer patients approximately 25% associated with dysregulation of PAM signaling pathway reason which are core genes alteration. The overall survival times in the PAM-active and PAM-stable patients were not significantly varies. However, the main factor for overall survival times were treatment strategy: both PAM-active and PAM-stable patients who received radiation therapy alone had a shorter overall survival than patients who received radiation plus chemotherapy. The patients with alteration of ATK1 and mTOR genes in PAM signaling pathway had poor prognosis then patients with PIK3CA and PTEN mutation Show less

Viral infections contribute to a significant proportion of human cancers, with human papillomavirus (HPV) being one of the most well-established oncogenic viruses. This review summarizes HPV biology, transmission, classification, molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers, and current and emerging preventive and therapeutic approaches. particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18, drives malignant transformation through the E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which disrupt tumor suppressor pathways p53 and Rb. Prophylactic vaccination programs have demonstrated remarkable success in reducing HPV-related disease burden, but disparities in coverage remain. Cutting-edge strategies such as CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA-based therapeutics offer promising avenues for treating established infections. Integrating these biomedical advances with robust public health initiatives is essential to ultimately eliminate HPV-associated cancers worldwide (Figure1). Show less

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally, with 660,000 new cases and 350,000 deaths in 2022. The burden is disproportionately high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Despite proven interventions like HPV vaccination and screening, uptake remains low. While cervical cancer screening has been studied in the general population, little is known about uptake among refugee women in Uganda, which hosts approximately 1.7 million refugees. This study examines cervical cancer screening uptake and associated factors among refugee women in Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2021 Uganda Refugee Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (RUPHIA) survey, focusing on women aged 21–49 in refugee settlements in the West Nile and South-Western regions, which host 90% of Uganda’s refugee population. The primary outcome was self-reported cervical cancer screening status. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression to identify factors associated with screening uptake. Results Among 731 women, only 72 (9.8%) reported undergoing cervical cancer screening. The mean age of screened women was 37 years (±7), compared to 32 years (±8) for unscreened women. Screening uptake was significantly higher among women aged 31–39 years (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.32–5.52, p = 0.007), married women (AOR = 12.0, 95% CI: 1.76–163, p = 0.03), and those in polygamous relationships (AOR = 4.76, 95% CI: 1.96–11.1, p < 0.001) Conclusion Cervical cancer screening uptake among refugee women in Uganda is critically low. Integrating culturally sensitive screening programs into refugee health services and addressing socio-economic barriers could improve access and utilization. Show less